Climatology: Atmosphere, Winds & Climate Zones Quiz — 7 Free Questions

Question 1

Which international agreement, signed in 1987, specifically committed countries to phasing out the production and use of chlorofluorocarbons and other substances responsible for depleting the ozone layer?

Question 2

The seasonal withdrawal of the subtropical jet stream from over the Indian subcontinent each summer is closely linked to intense heating over which major landmass, considered an important factor in triggering the onset of the Indian monsoon?

Question 3

Within the Koppen tropical climate group, which specific climate type, found across much of South and Southeast Asia, including large parts of India, is distinguished from the tropical savanna type by having an especially heavy, concentrated wet season together with only a comparatively short dry season?

Question 4

How is 'global warming' generally distinguished, in careful scientific usage, from the broader term 'climate change'?

Question 5

What is the basic principle behind the Earth's 'heat budget', or energy balance, which helps explain why the planet's average temperature remains broadly stable over long periods?

Question 6

What is the name of the process, important for precipitation formation in colder clouds, in which ice crystals grow at the expense of surrounding supercooled water droplets, since ice requires a lower level of saturation to keep growing than liquid water does at the same sub-freezing temperature?

Question 7

In the Koppen climate classification system, which group covers continental climates, characterised by large seasonal temperature differences, with cold, often severe winters and warm to hot summers, generally found across the interiors of large landmasses in the Northern Hemisphere?

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About Climatology: Atmosphere, Winds & Climate Zones

This quiz is meant for students preparing for the IAS examination and other competitive tests, and for anyone who wants a wide-ranging survey of climatology -- the atmosphere, winds and the world's climate zones. It begins with the composition and layered structure of the atmosphere -- the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere, the ozone layer, temperature inversion, insolation, the heat budget, and the main cloud types. It then covers pressure belts and wind systems -- the Coriolis force, the equatorial low and subtropical high pressure belts, the trade winds, westerlies and polar easterlies, the Hadley, Ferrel and polar cells, jet streams, land and sea breezes, and well-known local winds such as the loo, the Chinook, the mistral and the sirocco. A third section covers precipitation and humidity -- convectional, orographic and cyclonic rainfall, relative humidity, the dew point, fog, dew, frost, hail, sleet and drizzle. A fourth section covers the Koppen climate classification system and the world's major climate types, along with El Nino, La Nina and the Indian Ocean Dipole. It closes with the mechanics of the Indian monsoon, western disturbances, tropical cyclones in the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea, and the basics of global warming and climate change. When complete it will have one hundred and fifteen carefully checked questions, arranged in five packs of twenty-three.

Every question has four options, and the correct option can be in any position. After each question there is a detailed explanation of more than five lines, in simple Indian English that a school student can follow, giving the important terms, mechanisms and the points that examiners like to test.

Every fact has been checked against standard reference material on physical geography and climatology.